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On May 6, 2022 at 10:12:52 AM UTC, leandro:
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Updated description of resource Method for pluvial flood risk assessment in rural settlements characterised by scant information availability in Publications from
Maurizio Tiepolo, Sarah Braccio, Edoardo Fiorillo, Andrea Galligari, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Giovanni Massazza, Adamou Aissatou Sitta, Aliou Moumouni Tankari, Vieri Tarchiani Abstract In tropical regions, heavy precipitations may lead to catastrophic flooding due to the degradation of catchments and the expansion of settlements in flood prone zones. In the current situation, where information on rainfall and exposed assets is either scant, or requires significant time to be collected, pluvial flood risk assessments are conducted using participatory tools, without any scientific support. Another option is to use satellite precipitation products, digital terrain models and satellite images at high to moderate-resolution. However, these datasets do not reach the required accuracy at the local scale. Consequently, the potential damages and the evaluation component of risk assessment are often missing. Risk evaluation is pivotal for informed decision-making, with regards to the choice of treating or accepting the risk, implementing more effective measures, and for determining the safest areas for development. We proposed an improved method for assessing the risk of pluvial floods, which merges local and scientific knowledge and is consistent with the ISO 31010 standard. The method was successfully applied in five rural settlements in Niger and can be replicated in areas where information is scarce.
toMaurizio Tiepolo, Sarah Braccio, Edoardo Fiorillo, Andrea Galligari, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Giovanni Massazza, Adamou Aissatou Sitta, Aliou Moumouni Tankari, Vieri Tarchiani Abstract In tropical regions, heavy precipitations may lead to catastrophic flooding due to the degradation of catchments and the expansion of settlements in flood prone zones. In the current situation, where information on rainfall and exposed assets is either scant, or requires significant time to be collected, pluvial flood risk assessments are conducted using participatory tools, without any scientific support. Another option is to use satellite precipitation products, digital terrain models and satellite images at high to moderate-resolution. However, these datasets do not reach the required accuracy at the local scale. Consequently, the potential damages and the evaluation component of risk assessment are often missing. Risk evaluation is pivotal for informed decision-making, with regards to the choice of treating or accepting the risk, implementing more effective measures, and for determining the safest areas for development. We proposed an improved method for assessing the risk of pluvial floods, which merges local and scientific knowledge and is consistent with the ISO 31010 standard. The method was successfully applied in five rural settlements in Niger and can be replicated in areas where information is scarce.
f | 1 | { | f | 1 | { |
2 | "author": "Polytechnique de Turin -DIST; CNR-IBE", | 2 | "author": "Polytechnique de Turin -DIST; CNR-IBE", | ||
3 | "author_email": "[email protected]", | 3 | "author_email": "[email protected]", | ||
4 | "creator_user_id": "c02b205c-19b0-47e2-b7c3-46b255a09a2b", | 4 | "creator_user_id": "c02b205c-19b0-47e2-b7c3-46b255a09a2b", | ||
5 | "extras": [], | 5 | "extras": [], | ||
6 | "groups": [ | 6 | "groups": [ | ||
7 | { | 7 | { | ||
8 | "description": "SLAPIS (Syst\u00e8me Local d\u2019Alerte | 8 | "description": "SLAPIS (Syst\u00e8me Local d\u2019Alerte | ||
9 | Pr\u00e9coce pour les Inondations de la Sirba) est g\u00e9r\u00e9 par | 9 | Pr\u00e9coce pour les Inondations de la Sirba) est g\u00e9r\u00e9 par | ||
10 | la Direction de l\u2019Hydrologie (DH) du Niger et a \u00e9t\u00e9 | 10 | la Direction de l\u2019Hydrologie (DH) du Niger et a \u00e9t\u00e9 | ||
11 | r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par une collaboration pluridisciplinaire dans le | 11 | r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par une collaboration pluridisciplinaire dans le | ||
12 | cadre du Projet ANADIA2.0 avec le Polytechnique de Turin, Italie, | 12 | cadre du Projet ANADIA2.0 avec le Polytechnique de Turin, Italie, | ||
13 | l\u2019Institut de Biom\u00e9t\u00e9orologie du Conseil National des | 13 | l\u2019Institut de Biom\u00e9t\u00e9orologie du Conseil National des | ||
14 | Recherches d\u2019Italie et la Direction de la M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie | 14 | Recherches d\u2019Italie et la Direction de la M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie | ||
15 | Nationale du Niger.", | 15 | Nationale du Niger.", | ||
16 | "display_name": "SLAPIS", | 16 | "display_name": "SLAPIS", | ||
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20 | "name": "slapis_prj", | 20 | "name": "slapis_prj", | ||
21 | "title": "SLAPIS" | 21 | "title": "SLAPIS" | ||
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26 | "license_id": "cc-by", | 26 | "license_id": "cc-by", | ||
27 | "license_title": "Creative Commons Attribution", | 27 | "license_title": "Creative Commons Attribution", | ||
28 | "license_url": "http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by", | 28 | "license_url": "http://www.opendefinition.org/licenses/cc-by", | ||
29 | "maintainer": "Tiziana De Filippis", | 29 | "maintainer": "Tiziana De Filippis", | ||
30 | "maintainer_email": "[email protected]", | 30 | "maintainer_email": "[email protected]", | ||
31 | "metadata_created": "2020-07-16T11:31:55.945944", | 31 | "metadata_created": "2020-07-16T11:31:55.945944", | ||
n | 32 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:12:03.847229", | n | 32 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:12:52.138278", |
33 | "name": "publications", | 33 | "name": "publications", | ||
34 | "notes": "Scientific publications (International Journals papers, | 34 | "notes": "Scientific publications (International Journals papers, | ||
35 | conference proceedings, posters)", | 35 | conference proceedings, posters)", | ||
36 | "num_resources": 19, | 36 | "num_resources": 19, | ||
37 | "num_tags": 3, | 37 | "num_tags": 3, | ||
38 | "organization": { | 38 | "organization": { | ||
39 | "approval_status": "approved", | 39 | "approval_status": "approved", | ||
40 | "created": "2019-05-30T14:28:01.393442", | 40 | "created": "2019-05-30T14:28:01.393442", | ||
41 | "description": "Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ", | 41 | "description": "Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche ", | ||
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45 | "name": "instituto-di-bioeconomia", | 45 | "name": "instituto-di-bioeconomia", | ||
46 | "state": "active", | 46 | "state": "active", | ||
47 | "title": "Instituto di BioEconomia", | 47 | "title": "Instituto di BioEconomia", | ||
48 | "type": "organization" | 48 | "type": "organization" | ||
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55 | { | 55 | { | ||
56 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 56 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
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58 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:00:20.840516", | 58 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:00:20.840516", | ||
59 | "datastore_active": false, | 59 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
60 | "description": "Tiziana De Filippis, Leandro Rocchi, Giovanni | 60 | "description": "Tiziana De Filippis, Leandro Rocchi, Giovanni | ||
61 | Massazza, Alessandro Pezzoli, Maurizio Rosso, Mohamed Housseini | 61 | Massazza, Alessandro Pezzoli, Maurizio Rosso, Mohamed Housseini | ||
62 | Ibrahim and Vieri Tarchiani.\r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nEmerging | 62 | Ibrahim and Vieri Tarchiani.\r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nEmerging | ||
63 | hydrological services provide stakeholders and political authorities | 63 | hydrological services provide stakeholders and political authorities | ||
64 | with useful and reliable information to support the decision-making | 64 | with useful and reliable information to support the decision-making | ||
65 | process and develop flood risk management strategies. Most of these | 65 | process and develop flood risk management strategies. Most of these | ||
66 | services adopt the paradigm of open data and standard web services, | 66 | services adopt the paradigm of open data and standard web services, | ||
67 | paving the way to increase distributed hydrometeorological | 67 | paving the way to increase distributed hydrometeorological | ||
68 | services\u2019 interoperability. Moreover, sharing of data, models, | 68 | services\u2019 interoperability. Moreover, sharing of data, models, | ||
69 | information, and the use of open-source software, greatly contributes | 69 | information, and the use of open-source software, greatly contributes | ||
70 | to expanding the knowledge on flood risk and to increasing flood | 70 | to expanding the knowledge on flood risk and to increasing flood | ||
71 | preparedness. Nevertheless, services\u2019 interoperability and open | 71 | preparedness. Nevertheless, services\u2019 interoperability and open | ||
72 | data are not common in local systems implemented in developing | 72 | data are not common in local systems implemented in developing | ||
73 | countries. This paper presents the web platform and related services | 73 | countries. This paper presents the web platform and related services | ||
74 | developed for the Local Flood Early Warning System of the Sirba River | 74 | developed for the Local Flood Early Warning System of the Sirba River | ||
75 | in Niger (SLAPIS) to tailor hydroclimatic information to the | 75 | in Niger (SLAPIS) to tailor hydroclimatic information to the | ||
76 | user\u2019s needs, both in content and format. Building upon | 76 | user\u2019s needs, both in content and format. Building upon | ||
77 | open-source software components and interoperable web services, we | 77 | open-source software components and interoperable web services, we | ||
78 | created a software framework covering data capture and storage, data | 78 | created a software framework covering data capture and storage, data | ||
79 | flow management procedures from several data providers, real-time web | 79 | flow management procedures from several data providers, real-time web | ||
80 | publication, and service-based information dissemination. The | 80 | publication, and service-based information dissemination. The | ||
81 | geospatial infrastructure and web services respond to the actual and | 81 | geospatial infrastructure and web services respond to the actual and | ||
82 | local decision-making context to improve the usability and usefulness | 82 | local decision-making context to improve the usability and usefulness | ||
83 | of information derived from hydrometeorological forecasts, hydraulic | 83 | of information derived from hydrometeorological forecasts, hydraulic | ||
84 | models, and real-time observations. This paper presents also the | 84 | models, and real-time observations. This paper presents also the | ||
85 | results of the three years of operational campaigns for flood early | 85 | results of the three years of operational campaigns for flood early | ||
86 | warning on the Sirba River in Niger. Semiautomatic flood warnings | 86 | warning on the Sirba River in Niger. Semiautomatic flood warnings | ||
87 | tailored and provided to end users bridge the gap between available | 87 | tailored and provided to end users bridge the gap between available | ||
88 | technology and local users\u2019 needs for adaptation, mitigation, and | 88 | technology and local users\u2019 needs for adaptation, mitigation, and | ||
89 | flood risk management, and make progress toward the sustainable | 89 | flood risk management, and make progress toward the sustainable | ||
90 | development goals.\r\n", | 90 | development goals.\r\n", | ||
91 | "format": "PDF", | 91 | "format": "PDF", | ||
92 | "hash": "", | 92 | "hash": "", | ||
93 | "id": "0b3e60ac-7ee5-4c8d-95b2-0663bc9cb109", | 93 | "id": "0b3e60ac-7ee5-4c8d-95b2-0663bc9cb109", | ||
94 | "last_modified": null, | 94 | "last_modified": null, | ||
95 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:04:54.813518", | 95 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:04:54.813518", | ||
96 | "mimetype": null, | 96 | "mimetype": null, | ||
97 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 97 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
98 | "name": "Hydrological Web Services for Operational Flood Risk | 98 | "name": "Hydrological Web Services for Operational Flood Risk | ||
99 | Monitoring and Forecasting at Local Scale in Niger", | 99 | Monitoring and Forecasting at Local Scale in Niger", | ||
100 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 100 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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104 | "state": "active", | 104 | "state": "active", | ||
105 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/4/236", | 105 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/11/4/236", | ||
106 | "url_type": null | 106 | "url_type": null | ||
107 | }, | 107 | }, | ||
108 | { | 108 | { | ||
109 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 109 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
110 | "cache_url": null, | 110 | "cache_url": null, | ||
111 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:08:04.487368", | 111 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:08:04.487368", | ||
112 | "datastore_active": false, | 112 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
113 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Andrea | 113 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Andrea | ||
114 | Galligari\r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nFlood risk reduction at the local | 114 | Galligari\r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nFlood risk reduction at the local | ||
115 | scale requires knowledge of the settlements which are most exposed to | 115 | scale requires knowledge of the settlements which are most exposed to | ||
116 | floods, and those where the existing measures are insufficient to | 116 | floods, and those where the existing measures are insufficient to | ||
117 | handle the threats. The knowledge on spatial dynamics of the flooded | 117 | handle the threats. The knowledge on spatial dynamics of the flooded | ||
118 | human settlements is limited, especially that of the smaller ones, | 118 | human settlements is limited, especially that of the smaller ones, | ||
119 | such as the settlements in the sub-Saharan Africa. The dataset on 122 | 119 | such as the settlements in the sub-Saharan Africa. The dataset on 122 | ||
120 | flooded settlements in the Dosso Region (Niger) offers information on: | 120 | flooded settlements in the Dosso Region (Niger) offers information on: | ||
121 | the built-up area and the number of buildings with corrugated iron | 121 | the built-up area and the number of buildings with corrugated iron | ||
122 | roofs in 2004, 2012, and 2019 (average dates), the type of human | 122 | roofs in 2004, 2012, and 2019 (average dates), the type of human | ||
123 | settlements (city, rural town, village, or hamlet), the flood dates | 123 | settlements (city, rural town, village, or hamlet), the flood dates | ||
124 | and the number of buildings collapsed between 2011 and 2019. The data | 124 | and the number of buildings collapsed between 2011 and 2019. The data | ||
125 | on the built-up area and the number of buildings with corrugated iron | 125 | on the built-up area and the number of buildings with corrugated iron | ||
126 | roofs were extracted by visual photointerpretation from very | 126 | roofs were extracted by visual photointerpretation from very | ||
127 | high-resolution images accessible through Google Earth Pro. The | 127 | high-resolution images accessible through Google Earth Pro. The | ||
128 | information on the settlement category was obtained from the Human | 128 | information on the settlement category was obtained from the Human | ||
129 | Settlements National Directory (French acronym, ReNaLoc) published by | 129 | Settlements National Directory (French acronym, ReNaLoc) published by | ||
130 | the National Institute of Statistics of Niger. The dates of floods and | 130 | the National Institute of Statistics of Niger. The dates of floods and | ||
131 | the data on the number of collapsed buildings were obtained from the | 131 | the data on the number of collapsed buildings were obtained from the | ||
132 | open-access national database on flooding, known by the French | 132 | open-access national database on flooding, known by the French | ||
133 | acronym, BDINA. These data can be reused to build a geodatabase for | 133 | acronym, BDINA. These data can be reused to build a geodatabase for | ||
134 | flood risk reduction and to draft the municipal and regional | 134 | flood risk reduction and to draft the municipal and regional | ||
135 | development plans. Their potential reuse allows for the identification | 135 | development plans. Their potential reuse allows for the identification | ||
136 | of settlements undergoing the most rapid physical expansion, built-up | 136 | of settlements undergoing the most rapid physical expansion, built-up | ||
137 | area in a flood-prone zone, and settlements that require protection | 137 | area in a flood-prone zone, and settlements that require protection | ||
138 | and flood risk reduction policies. Additionally, the dataset can also | 138 | and flood risk reduction policies. Additionally, the dataset can also | ||
139 | be used to verify the accuracy of the built-up area obtained from the | 139 | be used to verify the accuracy of the built-up area obtained from the | ||
140 | satellite images with coarse resolution and for comparisons with other | 140 | satellite images with coarse resolution and for comparisons with other | ||
141 | regions in Niger and in sub-Saharan Africa.\r\n", | 141 | regions in Niger and in sub-Saharan Africa.\r\n", | ||
142 | "format": "PDF", | 142 | "format": "PDF", | ||
143 | "hash": "", | 143 | "hash": "", | ||
144 | "id": "8e1d7b55-bfa4-43e9-ba69-9453355d301e", | 144 | "id": "8e1d7b55-bfa4-43e9-ba69-9453355d301e", | ||
145 | "last_modified": null, | 145 | "last_modified": null, | ||
146 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:09:12.679162", | 146 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:09:12.679162", | ||
147 | "mimetype": null, | 147 | "mimetype": null, | ||
148 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 148 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
149 | "name": "Dataset on the expansion and consolidation of flooded | 149 | "name": "Dataset on the expansion and consolidation of flooded | ||
150 | settlements in the Dosso Region, Niger", | 150 | settlements in the Dosso Region, Niger", | ||
151 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 151 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
152 | "position": 1, | 152 | "position": 1, | ||
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155 | "state": "active", | 155 | "state": "active", | ||
156 | "url": | 156 | "url": | ||
157 | w.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340922001469?via%3Dihub", | 157 | w.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340922001469?via%3Dihub", | ||
158 | "url_type": null | 158 | "url_type": null | ||
159 | }, | 159 | }, | ||
160 | { | 160 | { | ||
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162 | "cache_url": null, | 162 | "cache_url": null, | ||
163 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:39:45.016300", | 163 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:39:45.016300", | ||
164 | "datastore_active": false, | 164 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
165 | "description": "Massazza, G.; Bacci, M.; Descroix, L.; Ibrahim, | 165 | "description": "Massazza, G.; Bacci, M.; Descroix, L.; Ibrahim, | ||
166 | M.H.; Fiorillo, E.; Katiellou, G.L.; Panthou, G.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, | 166 | M.H.; Fiorillo, E.; Katiellou, G.L.; Panthou, G.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, | ||
167 | M.; Sauzedde, E.; Terenziani, A.; De Filippis, T.; Rocchi, L.; | 167 | M.; Sauzedde, E.; Terenziani, A.; De Filippis, T.; Rocchi, L.; | ||
168 | Burrone, S.; Tiepolo, M.; Vischel, T.; Tarchiani, V.\r\nPublished in: | 168 | Burrone, S.; Tiepolo, M.; Vischel, T.; Tarchiani, V.\r\nPublished in: | ||
169 | Water. 2021; 13(12):1659.\r\nAbstract\r\nNiamey, the capital of Niger, | 169 | Water. 2021; 13(12):1659.\r\nAbstract\r\nNiamey, the capital of Niger, | ||
170 | is particularly prone to floods since it is on the banks of the Niger | 170 | is particularly prone to floods since it is on the banks of the Niger | ||
171 | River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer | 171 | River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer | ||
172 | (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the | 172 | (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the | ||
173 | Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an | 173 | Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an | ||
174 | abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have | 174 | abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have | ||
175 | been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change | 175 | been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change | ||
176 | in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great | 176 | in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great | ||
177 | droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name | 177 | droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name | ||
178 | of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the | 178 | of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the | ||
179 | 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey | 179 | 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey | ||
180 | hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall-runoff relationship on the | 180 | hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall-runoff relationship on the | ||
181 | Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the | 181 | Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the | ||
182 | origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual | 182 | origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual | ||
183 | maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall | 183 | maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall | ||
184 | indices calculated on gridded datasets allowed to hydroclimatically | 184 | indices calculated on gridded datasets allowed to hydroclimatically | ||
185 | characterise the last decade as a different period from the wet one | 185 | characterise the last decade as a different period from the wet one | ||
186 | before the drought, the dry one and the post-drought one. Compared to | 186 | before the drought, the dry one and the post-drought one. Compared to | ||
187 | the last one, the current period is characterised by a sustained | 187 | the last one, the current period is characterised by a sustained | ||
188 | increase in hydrological indicators (AMAX +27%) consistent with the | 188 | increase in hydrological indicators (AMAX +27%) consistent with the | ||
189 | increase in both the accumulation of precipitation (+11%) and the | 189 | increase in both the accumulation of precipitation (+11%) and the | ||
190 | number (+51%) and magnitude (+54%) of extreme events in the MNRB. | 190 | number (+51%) and magnitude (+54%) of extreme events in the MNRB. | ||
191 | Furthermore, a greater concentration of rainfall and extremes (+78%) | 191 | Furthermore, a greater concentration of rainfall and extremes (+78%) | ||
192 | in August contributes to reinforcing the red flood\u2019s positive | 192 | in August contributes to reinforcing the red flood\u2019s positive | ||
193 | anomalies (+2.23 st. dev in 2020). The study indicates that under | 193 | anomalies (+2.23 st. dev in 2020). The study indicates that under | ||
194 | these conditions, the frequency of extreme hydrological events in | 194 | these conditions, the frequency of extreme hydrological events in | ||
195 | Niamey will increase further because of drivers\u2019 concurrence such | 195 | Niamey will increase further because of drivers\u2019 concurrence such | ||
196 | as river-bed silting and levee effects. Consequently, the study | 196 | as river-bed silting and levee effects. Consequently, the study | ||
197 | concludes with the need for a comprehensive flood-risk assessment on | 197 | concludes with the need for a comprehensive flood-risk assessment on | ||
198 | the Niamey city that considers both recent hydroclimatic trends and | 198 | the Niamey city that considers both recent hydroclimatic trends and | ||
199 | urbanisation dynamics in flood zones hence defining the most | 199 | urbanisation dynamics in flood zones hence defining the most | ||
200 | appropriate risk-reduction strategies.", | 200 | appropriate risk-reduction strategies.", | ||
201 | "format": "PDF", | 201 | "format": "PDF", | ||
202 | "hash": "", | 202 | "hash": "", | ||
203 | "id": "1cd40dc3-92db-49e4-a358-482b8bdd3bfc", | 203 | "id": "1cd40dc3-92db-49e4-a358-482b8bdd3bfc", | ||
204 | "last_modified": null, | 204 | "last_modified": null, | ||
205 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:39:45.016300", | 205 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:39:45.016300", | ||
206 | "mimetype": null, | 206 | "mimetype": null, | ||
207 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 207 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
208 | "name": "Recent Changes in Hydroclimatic Patterns over Medium | 208 | "name": "Recent Changes in Hydroclimatic Patterns over Medium | ||
209 | Niger River Basins at the Origin of the 2020 Flood in Niamey (Niger)", | 209 | Niger River Basins at the Origin of the 2020 Flood in Niamey (Niger)", | ||
210 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 210 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
211 | "position": 2, | 211 | "position": 2, | ||
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213 | "size": null, | 213 | "size": null, | ||
214 | "state": "active", | 214 | "state": "active", | ||
215 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/12/1659", | 215 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/12/1659", | ||
216 | "url_type": null | 216 | "url_type": null | ||
217 | }, | 217 | }, | ||
218 | { | 218 | { | ||
219 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 219 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
220 | "cache_url": null, | 220 | "cache_url": null, | ||
221 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:42:48.561589", | 221 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:42:48.561589", | ||
222 | "datastore_active": false, | 222 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
223 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Andrea Galligari, | 223 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Andrea Galligari, | ||
224 | DIST-Politecnico and University of Turin, Italy\r\nPublished in: Land | 224 | DIST-Politecnico and University of Turin, Italy\r\nPublished in: Land | ||
225 | Use Policy, 108 (2021), Elsevier\r\nAbstract\r\nThe current literature | 225 | Use Policy, 108 (2021), Elsevier\r\nAbstract\r\nThe current literature | ||
226 | links flood exposure and the consequent damage in the sub-Saharan | 226 | links flood exposure and the consequent damage in the sub-Saharan | ||
227 | Africa to urban expansion. The main implication of this pertains to | 227 | Africa to urban expansion. The main implication of this pertains to | ||
228 | the fact that cities are the target of flood risk reduction. However, | 228 | the fact that cities are the target of flood risk reduction. However, | ||
229 | our knowledge of the built-up area expansion\u2013flood damage nexus | 229 | our knowledge of the built-up area expansion\u2013flood damage nexus | ||
230 | is still too scarce to support any risk reduction policy at the local | 230 | is still too scarce to support any risk reduction policy at the local | ||
231 | scale. The objective of this study is to reconsider the link between | 231 | scale. The objective of this study is to reconsider the link between | ||
232 | urban expansion and flood damage widening the observation to rural | 232 | urban expansion and flood damage widening the observation to rural | ||
233 | settlements with open access information alternative to global | 233 | settlements with open access information alternative to global | ||
234 | datasets on flood damages and moderate resolution satellite images. | 234 | datasets on flood damages and moderate resolution satellite images. | ||
235 | Using very high-resolution satellite images accessible via Google | 235 | Using very high-resolution satellite images accessible via Google | ||
236 | Earth Pro, the expansion of 122 flooded settlements in the Dosso | 236 | Earth Pro, the expansion of 122 flooded settlements in the Dosso | ||
237 | region (Niger) during the past 20 years is evaluated. Spatial dynamics | 237 | region (Niger) during the past 20 years is evaluated. Spatial dynamics | ||
238 | is then compared with the rate of collapsed houses due to flooding. | 238 | is then compared with the rate of collapsed houses due to flooding. | ||
239 | Finally, house collapses and retrofitting are compared. We discovered | 239 | Finally, house collapses and retrofitting are compared. We discovered | ||
240 | that cities expand at faster rates and with an opposite trend to that | 240 | that cities expand at faster rates and with an opposite trend to that | ||
241 | reported by the global datasets. However, hamlets and villages expand | 241 | reported by the global datasets. However, hamlets and villages expand | ||
242 | even more rapidly and suffer more house collapses than rural towns and | 242 | even more rapidly and suffer more house collapses than rural towns and | ||
243 | cities. House consolidation is quicker than the settlement expansion | 243 | cities. House consolidation is quicker than the settlement expansion | ||
244 | but this is not sufficient to reduce damage from pluvial flooding. The | 244 | but this is not sufficient to reduce damage from pluvial flooding. The | ||
245 | proportion of the Poor to the total number of inhabitants in rural | 245 | proportion of the Poor to the total number of inhabitants in rural | ||
246 | settlements is three times higher than that in urban settlements. | 246 | settlements is three times higher than that in urban settlements. | ||
247 | Environmental justice is, therefore, not just an urban issue but a | 247 | Environmental justice is, therefore, not just an urban issue but a | ||
248 | rural urgency.", | 248 | rural urgency.", | ||
249 | "format": "PDF", | 249 | "format": "PDF", | ||
250 | "hash": "", | 250 | "hash": "", | ||
251 | "id": "6e23fc8e-d51e-49c0-838b-67a3c32fd397", | 251 | "id": "6e23fc8e-d51e-49c0-838b-67a3c32fd397", | ||
252 | "last_modified": null, | 252 | "last_modified": null, | ||
253 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:42:48.561589", | 253 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:42:48.561589", | ||
254 | "mimetype": null, | 254 | "mimetype": null, | ||
255 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 255 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
256 | "name": "Urban expansion-flood damage nexus: Evidence from the | 256 | "name": "Urban expansion-flood damage nexus: Evidence from the | ||
257 | Dosso Region, Niger", | 257 | Dosso Region, Niger", | ||
258 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 258 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
259 | "position": 3, | 259 | "position": 3, | ||
260 | "resource_type": null, | 260 | "resource_type": null, | ||
261 | "size": null, | 261 | "size": null, | ||
262 | "state": "active", | 262 | "state": "active", | ||
263 | "url": | 263 | "url": | ||
264 | tps://drive.google.com/file/d/18mTkcwQ6kWzPBuY7NdNy2lYRm5nQqDgs/view", | 264 | tps://drive.google.com/file/d/18mTkcwQ6kWzPBuY7NdNy2lYRm5nQqDgs/view", | ||
265 | "url_type": null | 265 | "url_type": null | ||
266 | }, | 266 | }, | ||
267 | { | 267 | { | ||
268 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 268 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
269 | "cache_url": null, | 269 | "cache_url": null, | ||
270 | "created": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.663729", | 270 | "created": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.663729", | ||
271 | "datastore_active": false, | 271 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
272 | "description": "Giovanni Massazza, Vieri Tarchiani, Jafet C. M. | 272 | "description": "Giovanni Massazza, Vieri Tarchiani, Jafet C. M. | ||
273 | Andersson, Abdou Ali,\r\nMohamed Housseini Ibrahim, Alessandro | 273 | Andersson, Abdou Ali,\r\nMohamed Housseini Ibrahim, Alessandro | ||
274 | Pezzoli, Tiziana De Filippis, Leandro Rocchi, Bernard Minoungou, David | 274 | Pezzoli, Tiziana De Filippis, Leandro Rocchi, Bernard Minoungou, David | ||
275 | Gustafsson and Maurizio Rosso.\r\nWater 2020, 12, 3504; | 275 | Gustafsson and Maurizio Rosso.\r\nWater 2020, 12, 3504; | ||
276 | 0.3390/w12123504\r\nhttp://www.mdpi.com/journal/water\r\n\r\nAbstract: | 276 | 0.3390/w12123504\r\nhttp://www.mdpi.com/journal/water\r\n\r\nAbstract: | ||
277 | In the last decades since the dramatic increase in flood frequency and | 277 | In the last decades since the dramatic increase in flood frequency and | ||
278 | magnitude, floods have become a crucial problem inWest Africa. | 278 | magnitude, floods have become a crucial problem inWest Africa. | ||
279 | National and international authorities concentrate efforts | 279 | National and international authorities concentrate efforts | ||
280 | ondeveloping early warning systems (EWS) to deliver flood alerts and | 280 | ondeveloping early warning systems (EWS) to deliver flood alerts and | ||
281 | prevent loss of lives and damages.\r\nUsually, regional EWS are based | 281 | prevent loss of lives and damages.\r\nUsually, regional EWS are based | ||
282 | on hydrological modeling, while local EWS adopt field observations. | 282 | on hydrological modeling, while local EWS adopt field observations. | ||
283 | This study aims to integrate outputs from two regional hydrological | 283 | This study aims to integrate outputs from two regional hydrological | ||
284 | models\u2014Niger HYPE (NH) and World-Wide HYPE (WWH)\u2014in a local | 284 | models\u2014Niger HYPE (NH) and World-Wide HYPE (WWH)\u2014in a local | ||
285 | EWS developed for the Sirba River. Sirba is the major tributary of | 285 | EWS developed for the Sirba River. Sirba is the major tributary of | ||
286 | Middle Niger River Basin and is supported by a local EWS since June | 286 | Middle Niger River Basin and is supported by a local EWS since June | ||
287 | 2019. Model evaluation indices were computed with 5-day forecasts | 287 | 2019. Model evaluation indices were computed with 5-day forecasts | ||
288 | demonstrating a better performance of NH (Nash\u2013Sutcliffe | 288 | demonstrating a better performance of NH (Nash\u2013Sutcliffe | ||
289 | effciency NSE = 0.58) thanWWH(NSE = 0.10) and the need of output | 289 | effciency NSE = 0.58) thanWWH(NSE = 0.10) and the need of output | ||
290 | optimization. The optimization conducted with a linear regression | 290 | optimization. The optimization conducted with a linear regression | ||
291 | post-processing technique improves performance significantly to | 291 | post-processing technique improves performance significantly to | ||
292 | \u201cvery good\u201d forNH (Heidke skill score HSS = 0.53) and | 292 | \u201cvery good\u201d forNH (Heidke skill score HSS = 0.53) and | ||
293 | \u201cgood\u201d forWWH(HSS = 0.28). HYPE outputs\r\nallow to extend | 293 | \u201cgood\u201d forWWH(HSS = 0.28). HYPE outputs\r\nallow to extend | ||
294 | local EWS warning lead-time up to 10 days. Since the transfer | 294 | local EWS warning lead-time up to 10 days. Since the transfer | ||
295 | informatic environment is not yet a mature operational system | 295 | informatic environment is not yet a mature operational system | ||
296 | 10\u201320% of forecasts were unfortunately not produced in 2019, | 296 | 10\u201320% of forecasts were unfortunately not produced in 2019, | ||
297 | impacting operational availability.\r\n\r\nKeywords: Middle Niger | 297 | impacting operational availability.\r\n\r\nKeywords: Middle Niger | ||
298 | River Basin; Sirba River; floods; flood alert; HYPE; model evaluation; | 298 | River Basin; Sirba River; floods; flood alert; HYPE; model evaluation; | ||
299 | hydrological model; optimization; early warning system; SLAPIS", | 299 | hydrological model; optimization; early warning system; SLAPIS", | ||
300 | "format": "PDF", | 300 | "format": "PDF", | ||
301 | "hash": "", | 301 | "hash": "", | ||
302 | "id": "0fb862f2-9b1b-4056-87fc-820bf3bd2216", | 302 | "id": "0fb862f2-9b1b-4056-87fc-820bf3bd2216", | ||
303 | "last_modified": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.608992", | 303 | "last_modified": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.608992", | ||
304 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.663729", | 304 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-15T11:07:58.663729", | ||
305 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 305 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
306 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 306 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
307 | "name": "Downscaling Regional Hydrological Forecast for | 307 | "name": "Downscaling Regional Hydrological Forecast for | ||
308 | Operational Use in Local Early Warning: HYPE Models in the Sirba | 308 | Operational Use in Local Early Warning: HYPE Models in the Sirba | ||
309 | River", | 309 | River", | ||
310 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 310 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
311 | "position": 4, | 311 | "position": 4, | ||
312 | "resource_type": null, | 312 | "resource_type": null, | ||
313 | "size": 3888021, | 313 | "size": 3888021, | ||
314 | "state": "active", | 314 | "state": "active", | ||
315 | "url": | 315 | "url": | ||
316 | b-4056-87fc-820bf3bd2216/download/water-12-03504-massazza-et-al..pdf", | 316 | b-4056-87fc-820bf3bd2216/download/water-12-03504-massazza-et-al..pdf", | ||
317 | "url_type": "upload" | 317 | "url_type": "upload" | ||
318 | }, | 318 | }, | ||
319 | { | 319 | { | ||
320 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 320 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
321 | "cache_url": null, | 321 | "cache_url": null, | ||
322 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:46:30.731162", | 322 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:46:30.731162", | ||
323 | "datastore_active": false, | 323 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
324 | "description": "Bacci, M.; Ousman Baoua, Y.; Tarchiani, | 324 | "description": "Bacci, M.; Ousman Baoua, Y.; Tarchiani, | ||
325 | V.\r\nPublished in: Sustainability 2020, 12, | 325 | V.\r\nPublished in: Sustainability 2020, 12, | ||
326 | 3246.\r\nAbstract\r\nAgriculture production in Nigerien rural areas | 326 | 3246.\r\nAbstract\r\nAgriculture production in Nigerien rural areas | ||
327 | mainly depends on weather variability. Weather forecasts produced by | 327 | mainly depends on weather variability. Weather forecasts produced by | ||
328 | national or international bodies have very limited dissemination in | 328 | national or international bodies have very limited dissemination in | ||
329 | rural areas and even if broadcast by local radio, they remain generic | 329 | rural areas and even if broadcast by local radio, they remain generic | ||
330 | and limited to short-term information. According to several | 330 | and limited to short-term information. According to several | ||
331 | experiences in West Africa, weather and climate services (WCSs) have | 331 | experiences in West Africa, weather and climate services (WCSs) have | ||
332 | great potential to support farmers\u2019 decision making. The | 332 | great potential to support farmers\u2019 decision making. The | ||
333 | challenge is to reach local communities with tailored information | 333 | challenge is to reach local communities with tailored information | ||
334 | about the future weather to support strategic and tactical crop | 334 | about the future weather to support strategic and tactical crop | ||
335 | management decisions. WCSs, in West Africa, are mainly based on | 335 | management decisions. WCSs, in West Africa, are mainly based on | ||
336 | short-range weather forecasts and seasonal climate forecasts, while | 336 | short-range weather forecasts and seasonal climate forecasts, while | ||
337 | medium-range weather forecasts, even if potentially very useful for | 337 | medium-range weather forecasts, even if potentially very useful for | ||
338 | crop management, are rarely produced. This paper presents the results | 338 | crop management, are rarely produced. This paper presents the results | ||
339 | of a pilot initiative in Niger to reach farming communities with | 339 | of a pilot initiative in Niger to reach farming communities with | ||
340 | 10-day forecasts from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric | 340 | 10-day forecasts from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric | ||
341 | Administration\u2014Global Forecast System (NOAA-GFS) produced by the | 341 | Administration\u2014Global Forecast System (NOAA-GFS) produced by the | ||
342 | National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). After the | 342 | National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). After the | ||
343 | implementation of the download and treatment chain, the Niger National | 343 | implementation of the download and treatment chain, the Niger National | ||
344 | Meteorological Directorate can provide 10-day agrometeorological | 344 | Meteorological Directorate can provide 10-day agrometeorological | ||
345 | forecasts to the agricultural extension services in eight rural | 345 | forecasts to the agricultural extension services in eight rural | ||
346 | municipalities. Exploiting the users\u2019 evaluation of the | 346 | municipalities. Exploiting the users\u2019 evaluation of the | ||
347 | forecasts, an analysis of usability and overall performance of the | 347 | forecasts, an analysis of usability and overall performance of the | ||
348 | service is described. The results demonstrate that, even in rural and | 348 | service is described. The results demonstrate that, even in rural and | ||
349 | remote areas, agrometeorological forecasts are valued as powerful and | 349 | remote areas, agrometeorological forecasts are valued as powerful and | ||
350 | useful information for decision-making processes. The service can be | 350 | useful information for decision-making processes. The service can be | ||
351 | implemented at low cost with effective technologies making it | 351 | implemented at low cost with effective technologies making it | ||
352 | affordable and sustainable even in developing countries. Nonetheless, | 352 | affordable and sustainable even in developing countries. Nonetheless, | ||
353 | the service\u2019s effectiveness depends on several aspects mainly | 353 | the service\u2019s effectiveness depends on several aspects mainly | ||
354 | related to the way information is communicated to the public.", | 354 | related to the way information is communicated to the public.", | ||
355 | "format": "PDF", | 355 | "format": "PDF", | ||
356 | "hash": "", | 356 | "hash": "", | ||
357 | "id": "be654e45-e39d-46a4-9147-b56e7771f838", | 357 | "id": "be654e45-e39d-46a4-9147-b56e7771f838", | ||
358 | "last_modified": null, | 358 | "last_modified": null, | ||
359 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:46:30.731162", | 359 | "metadata_modified": "2021-06-22T15:46:30.731162", | ||
360 | "mimetype": null, | 360 | "mimetype": null, | ||
361 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 361 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
362 | "name": "Agrometeorological Forecast for Smallholder Farmers: A | 362 | "name": "Agrometeorological Forecast for Smallholder Farmers: A | ||
363 | Powerful Tool for Weather-Informed Crops Management in the Sahel.", | 363 | Powerful Tool for Weather-Informed Crops Management in the Sahel.", | ||
364 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 364 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
365 | "position": 5, | 365 | "position": 5, | ||
366 | "resource_type": null, | 366 | "resource_type": null, | ||
367 | "size": null, | 367 | "size": null, | ||
368 | "state": "active", | 368 | "state": "active", | ||
369 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3246", | 369 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/8/3246", | ||
370 | "url_type": null | 370 | "url_type": null | ||
371 | }, | 371 | }, | ||
372 | { | 372 | { | ||
373 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 373 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
374 | "cache_url": null, | 374 | "cache_url": null, | ||
375 | "created": "2020-12-04T16:22:48.463478", | 375 | "created": "2020-12-04T16:22:48.463478", | ||
376 | "datastore_active": false, | 376 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
377 | "description": "Vieri Tarchiani, Giovanni Massazza, Maurizio | 377 | "description": "Vieri Tarchiani, Giovanni Massazza, Maurizio | ||
378 | Rosso, Maurizio Tiepolo, Alessandro Pezzoli, Mohamed Housseini | 378 | Rosso, Maurizio Tiepolo, Alessandro Pezzoli, Mohamed Housseini | ||
379 | Ibrahim, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Paolo Tamagnone, Tiziana De Filippis, | 379 | Ibrahim, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Paolo Tamagnone, Tiziana De Filippis, | ||
380 | Leandro Rocchi, Valentina Marchi and Elena Rapisardi\r\nPublished in: | 380 | Leandro Rocchi, Valentina Marchi and Elena Rapisardi\r\nPublished in: | ||
381 | Sustainability \r\nDate: February 28, 2020\r\nAbstract\r\nFloods have | 381 | Sustainability \r\nDate: February 28, 2020\r\nAbstract\r\nFloods have | ||
382 | recently become a major hazard in West Africa (WA) in terms of both | 382 | recently become a major hazard in West Africa (WA) in terms of both | ||
383 | their magnitude and frequency. They affect livelihoods, infrastructure | 383 | their magnitude and frequency. They affect livelihoods, infrastructure | ||
384 | and production systems, hence impacting on Sustainable Development | 384 | and production systems, hence impacting on Sustainable Development | ||
385 | (SD). Early Warning Systems (EWS) for floods that properly address all | 385 | (SD). Early Warning Systems (EWS) for floods that properly address all | ||
386 | four EWS components, while also being community and impact\u2010based, | 386 | four EWS components, while also being community and impact\u2010based, | ||
387 | do not yet exist in WA. Existing systems address only the main rivers, | 387 | do not yet exist in WA. Existing systems address only the main rivers, | ||
388 | are conceived in a top\u2010down manner and are hazard\u2010centered. | 388 | are conceived in a top\u2010down manner and are hazard\u2010centered. | ||
389 | This study on the Sirba river in Niger aims to demonstrate that an | 389 | This study on the Sirba river in Niger aims to demonstrate that an | ||
390 | operational community and impact\u2010based EWS for floods can be set | 390 | operational community and impact\u2010based EWS for floods can be set | ||
391 | up by leveraging the existing tools, local stakeholders and knowledge. | 391 | up by leveraging the existing tools, local stakeholders and knowledge. | ||
392 | The main finding of the study is that bridging the gap between topdown | 392 | The main finding of the study is that bridging the gap between topdown | ||
393 | and bottom\u2010up approaches is possible by directly connecting the | 393 | and bottom\u2010up approaches is possible by directly connecting the | ||
394 | available technical capabilities with the local level through a | 394 | available technical capabilities with the local level through a | ||
395 | participatory approach. This allows the beneficiaries to define the | 395 | participatory approach. This allows the beneficiaries to define the | ||
396 | rules that will develop the whole system, strengthening their ability | 396 | rules that will develop the whole system, strengthening their ability | ||
397 | to understand the information and take action. Moreover, the | 397 | to understand the information and take action. Moreover, the | ||
398 | integration of hydrological forecasts and observations with the | 398 | integration of hydrological forecasts and observations with the | ||
399 | community monitoring and preparedness system provides a lead time | 399 | community monitoring and preparedness system provides a lead time | ||
400 | suitable for operational decision\u2010making at national and local | 400 | suitable for operational decision\u2010making at national and local | ||
401 | levels. The study points out the need for the commitment of | 401 | levels. The study points out the need for the commitment of | ||
402 | governments to the transboundary sharing of flood information for EWS | 402 | governments to the transboundary sharing of flood information for EWS | ||
403 | and SD.", | 403 | and SD.", | ||
404 | "format": "PDF", | 404 | "format": "PDF", | ||
405 | "hash": "", | 405 | "hash": "", | ||
406 | "id": "928490ab-a65b-4f4e-bb88-16b2d4bc81cc", | 406 | "id": "928490ab-a65b-4f4e-bb88-16b2d4bc81cc", | ||
407 | "last_modified": null, | 407 | "last_modified": null, | ||
408 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-04T16:22:48.463478", | 408 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-04T16:22:48.463478", | ||
409 | "mimetype": null, | 409 | "mimetype": null, | ||
410 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 410 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
411 | "name": "Community and Impact Based Early Warning System for | 411 | "name": "Community and Impact Based Early Warning System for | ||
412 | Flood Risk Preparedness: The Experience of the Sirba River in Niger", | 412 | Flood Risk Preparedness: The Experience of the Sirba River in Niger", | ||
413 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 413 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
414 | "position": 6, | 414 | "position": 6, | ||
415 | "resource_type": null, | 415 | "resource_type": null, | ||
416 | "size": null, | 416 | "size": null, | ||
417 | "state": "active", | 417 | "state": "active", | ||
418 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/5/1802", | 418 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/5/1802", | ||
419 | "url_type": null | 419 | "url_type": null | ||
420 | }, | 420 | }, | ||
421 | { | 421 | { | ||
422 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 422 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
423 | "cache_url": null, | 423 | "cache_url": null, | ||
424 | "created": "2020-12-04T16:28:36.114546", | 424 | "created": "2020-12-04T16:28:36.114546", | ||
425 | "datastore_active": false, | 425 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
426 | "description": "Water 2020, 12(3), 620; | 426 | "description": "Water 2020, 12(3), 620; | ||
427 | https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030620 \r\nAbstract\r\nIn the last decades, | 427 | https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030620 \r\nAbstract\r\nIn the last decades, | ||
428 | the Sahelian area was hit by an increase of flood events, both in | 428 | the Sahelian area was hit by an increase of flood events, both in | ||
429 | frequency and in magnitude. In order to prevent damages, an early | 429 | frequency and in magnitude. In order to prevent damages, an early | ||
430 | warning system (EWS) has been planned for the Sirba River, the major | 430 | warning system (EWS) has been planned for the Sirba River, the major | ||
431 | tributary of the Middle Niger River Basin. The EWS uses the prior | 431 | tributary of the Middle Niger River Basin. The EWS uses the prior | ||
432 | notification of Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) to realize | 432 | notification of Global Flood Awareness System (GloFAS) to realize | ||
433 | adaptive measures in the exposed villages. This study analyzed the | 433 | adaptive measures in the exposed villages. This study analyzed the | ||
434 | performances of GloFAS 1.0 and 2.0 at Garbey Kourou. The model | 434 | performances of GloFAS 1.0 and 2.0 at Garbey Kourou. The model | ||
435 | verification was performed using continuous and categorical indices | 435 | verification was performed using continuous and categorical indices | ||
436 | computed according to the historical flow series and the flow hazard | 436 | computed according to the historical flow series and the flow hazard | ||
437 | thresholds. The unsatisfactory reliability of the original forecasts | 437 | thresholds. The unsatisfactory reliability of the original forecasts | ||
438 | suggested the performing of an optimization to improve the model | 438 | suggested the performing of an optimization to improve the model | ||
439 | performances. Therefore, datasets were divided into two periods, 5 | 439 | performances. Therefore, datasets were divided into two periods, 5 | ||
440 | years for training and 5 years for validation, and an optimization was | 440 | years for training and 5 years for validation, and an optimization was | ||
441 | conducted applying a linear regression throughout the homogeneous | 441 | conducted applying a linear regression throughout the homogeneous | ||
442 | periods of the wet season. The results show that the optimization | 442 | periods of the wet season. The results show that the optimization | ||
443 | improved the performances of GloFAS 1.0 and decreased the forecast | 443 | improved the performances of GloFAS 1.0 and decreased the forecast | ||
444 | deficit of GloFAS 2.0. Moreover, it highlighted the fundamental role | 444 | deficit of GloFAS 2.0. Moreover, it highlighted the fundamental role | ||
445 | played by the hazard thresholds in the model evaluation. The optimized | 445 | played by the hazard thresholds in the model evaluation. The optimized | ||
446 | GloFAS 2.0 demonstrated performance acceptable in order to be applied | 446 | GloFAS 2.0 demonstrated performance acceptable in order to be applied | ||
447 | in an EWS", | 447 | in an EWS", | ||
448 | "format": "PDF", | 448 | "format": "PDF", | ||
449 | "hash": "", | 449 | "hash": "", | ||
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451 | "last_modified": null, | 451 | "last_modified": null, | ||
452 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-04T16:28:36.114546", | 452 | "metadata_modified": "2020-12-04T16:28:36.114546", | ||
453 | "mimetype": null, | 453 | "mimetype": null, | ||
454 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 454 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
455 | "name": "Hydrological Model Application in the Sirba River: | 455 | "name": "Hydrological Model Application in the Sirba River: | ||
456 | Early Warning System and GloFAS Improvements ", | 456 | Early Warning System and GloFAS Improvements ", | ||
457 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 457 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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462 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/3/620", | 462 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/3/620", | ||
463 | "url_type": null | 463 | "url_type": null | ||
464 | }, | 464 | }, | ||
465 | { | 465 | { | ||
466 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 466 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
467 | "cache_url": null, | 467 | "cache_url": null, | ||
468 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.942477", | 468 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.942477", | ||
469 | "datastore_active": false, | 469 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
470 | "description": "Fiorillo, E.; Crisci, A.; Issa, H.; Maracchi, | 470 | "description": "Fiorillo, E.; Crisci, A.; Issa, H.; Maracchi, | ||
471 | G.; Morabito, M.; Tarchiani, V.\r\nPublished in: Climate 2018, 6, | 471 | G.; Morabito, M.; Tarchiani, V.\r\nPublished in: Climate 2018, 6, | ||
472 | 59\r\nDate: July 3, 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nDuring the last two decades, | 472 | 59\r\nDate: July 3, 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nDuring the last two decades, | ||
473 | the sub-Saharan region has experienced unusual floods that have | 473 | the sub-Saharan region has experienced unusual floods that have | ||
474 | differentially impacted the region. No official and precise data | 474 | differentially impacted the region. No official and precise data | ||
475 | regarding flood damage and impacts on the population are available, | 475 | regarding flood damage and impacts on the population are available, | ||
476 | and the magnitude of events are not easily evaluated. Most previous | 476 | and the magnitude of events are not easily evaluated. Most previous | ||
477 | studies have investigated this new threat using data derived from | 477 | studies have investigated this new threat using data derived from | ||
478 | local media sources or world disaster databases. The aim of this study | 478 | local media sources or world disaster databases. The aim of this study | ||
479 | was to provide the scientific community and policy makers with an | 479 | was to provide the scientific community and policy makers with an | ||
480 | updated and reliable referenced data source concerning floods in Niger | 480 | updated and reliable referenced data source concerning floods in Niger | ||
481 | between 1998 and 2015, at national, regional and sub-regional scales. | 481 | between 1998 and 2015, at national, regional and sub-regional scales. | ||
482 | Reliable information regarding floods was derived from the national | 482 | Reliable information regarding floods was derived from the national | ||
483 | official flood damage database (ANADIA DB) showing their impact on the | 483 | official flood damage database (ANADIA DB) showing their impact on the | ||
484 | country. During the investigated period, considerable numbers | 484 | country. During the investigated period, considerable numbers | ||
485 | regarding flood impacts were found (about 4000 settlements and 1.7 | 485 | regarding flood impacts were found (about 4000 settlements and 1.7 | ||
486 | million people were affected by floods). The analysis also indicates a | 486 | million people were affected by floods). The analysis also indicates a | ||
487 | sudden increase in flood impacts since 2010. Regions in the south-west | 487 | sudden increase in flood impacts since 2010. Regions in the south-west | ||
488 | (Tillabery, Dosso and Niamey district) are the most affected; however, | 488 | (Tillabery, Dosso and Niamey district) are the most affected; however, | ||
489 | this kind of risk involves the whole country, and some particularly | 489 | this kind of risk involves the whole country, and some particularly | ||
490 | vulnerable areas have been identified. A data modeling comprehensive | 490 | vulnerable areas have been identified. A data modeling comprehensive | ||
491 | framework based on remotely sensed rainfall (climate hazards group | 491 | framework based on remotely sensed rainfall (climate hazards group | ||
492 | infrared precipitation with stations (CHIRPS)) and vegetation index | 492 | infrared precipitation with stations (CHIRPS)) and vegetation index | ||
493 | (moderate resolution imagery spectroradiometer normalized difference | 493 | (moderate resolution imagery spectroradiometer normalized difference | ||
494 | vegetation index (MODIS NDVI)) datasets data along with census data | 494 | vegetation index (MODIS NDVI)) datasets data along with census data | ||
495 | were used to investigate which variables are most able to explain the | 495 | were used to investigate which variables are most able to explain the | ||
496 | recent and sudden Niger flood vulnerability detected at the | 496 | recent and sudden Niger flood vulnerability detected at the | ||
497 | departmental scale. Only a few statistically significant flood damage | 497 | departmental scale. Only a few statistically significant flood damage | ||
498 | models were found (61 out of 297), due essentially to the | 498 | models were found (61 out of 297), due essentially to the | ||
499 | non-linearity of the increase in damage time series compared to | 499 | non-linearity of the increase in damage time series compared to | ||
500 | environmental and climatic trends. The population increase is the most | 500 | environmental and climatic trends. The population increase is the most | ||
501 | significant variable at national level; however, at regional and | 501 | significant variable at national level; however, at regional and | ||
502 | sub-regional scales, different patterns provided evidence to identify | 502 | sub-regional scales, different patterns provided evidence to identify | ||
503 | local triggers for vulnerability.", | 503 | local triggers for vulnerability.", | ||
504 | "format": "PDF", | 504 | "format": "PDF", | ||
505 | "hash": "", | 505 | "hash": "", | ||
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507 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.906694", | 507 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.906694", | ||
508 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.942477", | 508 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:32:54.942477", | ||
509 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 509 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
510 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 510 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
511 | "name": "Recent Changes of Floods and related Impacts in Niger | 511 | "name": "Recent Changes of Floods and related Impacts in Niger | ||
512 | Based on the ANADIA Niger Flood Database.pdf", | 512 | Based on the ANADIA Niger Flood Database.pdf", | ||
513 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 513 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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517 | "state": "active", | 517 | "state": "active", | ||
518 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/59", | 518 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/59", | ||
519 | "url_type": "" | 519 | "url_type": "" | ||
520 | }, | 520 | }, | ||
521 | { | 521 | { | ||
522 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 522 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
523 | "cache_url": null, | 523 | "cache_url": null, | ||
524 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:33:48.985072", | 524 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:33:48.985072", | ||
525 | "datastore_active": false, | 525 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
526 | "description": "Bigi, V.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, M.\r\nPublished | 526 | "description": "Bigi, V.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, M.\r\nPublished | ||
527 | in: Climate 2018, 6, 73\r\nDate: September 5, | 527 | in: Climate 2018, 6, 73\r\nDate: September 5, | ||
528 | 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nDespite the interest in detecting the extremes of | 528 | 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nDespite the interest in detecting the extremes of | ||
529 | climate in the West African Sahel, few studies have been specifically | 529 | climate in the West African Sahel, few studies have been specifically | ||
530 | conducted on the Republic of Niger. This research focuses on past, | 530 | conducted on the Republic of Niger. This research focuses on past, | ||
531 | present, and future precipitation trends for the city of Niamey | 531 | present, and future precipitation trends for the city of Niamey | ||
532 | through the combined assessment of WMO precipitation indices using | 532 | through the combined assessment of WMO precipitation indices using | ||
533 | RClimDex and the Standardized Precipitation Index. Past daily | 533 | RClimDex and the Standardized Precipitation Index. Past daily | ||
534 | precipitation data were derived from a 60-year reconstructed | 534 | precipitation data were derived from a 60-year reconstructed | ||
535 | meteorological dataset for the Niamey airport station for the period | 535 | meteorological dataset for the Niamey airport station for the period | ||
536 | of 1950\u20132009 and validated through comparison with an observed | 536 | of 1950\u20132009 and validated through comparison with an observed | ||
537 | time series at Niamey airport (1980\u20132012). Precipitation analysis | 537 | time series at Niamey airport (1980\u20132012). Precipitation analysis | ||
538 | confirms the literature\u2019s findings, in particular, a decreasing | 538 | confirms the literature\u2019s findings, in particular, a decreasing | ||
539 | trend in total precipitation over the period of 1950\u20132009, and a | 539 | trend in total precipitation over the period of 1950\u20132009, and a | ||
540 | positive trend for data that spans over the period of 1980\u20132009, | 540 | positive trend for data that spans over the period of 1980\u20132009, | ||
541 | suggesting a precipitation recovery after the dry epoch | 541 | suggesting a precipitation recovery after the dry epoch | ||
542 | (1968\u20131985), even if the deficit with the wettest years in the | 542 | (1968\u20131985), even if the deficit with the wettest years in the | ||
543 | period of 1950\u20131968 has not been made up. Furthermore, | 543 | period of 1950\u20131968 has not been made up. Furthermore, | ||
544 | WATCH-Forcing-Data-ERA-Interim projections, elaborated under RCP 4.5 | 544 | WATCH-Forcing-Data-ERA-Interim projections, elaborated under RCP 4.5 | ||
545 | and RCP 8.5 socio-economic conditions, show that precipitation will | 545 | and RCP 8.5 socio-economic conditions, show that precipitation will | ||
546 | increase in the future. Therefore, the Nigerien population will | 546 | increase in the future. Therefore, the Nigerien population will | ||
547 | benefit from increased rainfall, but will also have to cope with the | 547 | benefit from increased rainfall, but will also have to cope with the | ||
548 | exacerbation of both flood and drought risks due to a great | 548 | exacerbation of both flood and drought risks due to a great | ||
549 | interannual variability that can positively or negatively influence | 549 | interannual variability that can positively or negatively influence | ||
550 | water availability.", | 550 | water availability.", | ||
551 | "format": "PDF", | 551 | "format": "PDF", | ||
552 | "hash": "", | 552 | "hash": "", | ||
553 | "id": "2262d84a-2479-4392-aa7c-ee2a6fc0b8c8", | 553 | "id": "2262d84a-2479-4392-aa7c-ee2a6fc0b8c8", | ||
554 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:33:48.952966", | 554 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:33:48.952966", | ||
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556 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 556 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
557 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 557 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
558 | "name": "Past and Future Precipitation Trend Analysis for the | 558 | "name": "Past and Future Precipitation Trend Analysis for the | ||
559 | City of Niamey (Niger) An Overview.pdf", | 559 | City of Niamey (Niger) An Overview.pdf", | ||
560 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 560 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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564 | "state": "active", | 564 | "state": "active", | ||
565 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/73/htm", | 565 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/73/htm", | ||
566 | "url_type": "" | 566 | "url_type": "" | ||
567 | }, | 567 | }, | ||
568 | { | 568 | { | ||
569 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 569 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
570 | "cache_url": null, | 570 | "cache_url": null, | ||
571 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:51:32.061467", | 571 | "created": "2021-06-22T15:51:32.061467", | ||
572 | "datastore_active": false, | 572 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
573 | "description": "Tiepolo, M.; Bacci, M.; Braccio, S.\r\nPublished | 573 | "description": "Tiepolo, M.; Bacci, M.; Braccio, S.\r\nPublished | ||
574 | in: Climate 2018, 6, 67\r\nAbstract\r\nInternational aid for climate | 574 | in: Climate 2018, 6, 67\r\nAbstract\r\nInternational aid for climate | ||
575 | change adaptation in West Africa is increasing exponentially, but our | 575 | change adaptation in West Africa is increasing exponentially, but our | ||
576 | understanding of hydroclimatic risks is not keeping pace with that | 576 | understanding of hydroclimatic risks is not keeping pace with that | ||
577 | increase. The aim of this article is to develop a multihazard risk | 577 | increase. The aim of this article is to develop a multihazard risk | ||
578 | assessment on a regional scale based on existing information that can | 578 | assessment on a regional scale based on existing information that can | ||
579 | be repeated over time and space and that will be useful during | 579 | be repeated over time and space and that will be useful during | ||
580 | decision-making processes. This assessment was conducted in Dosso | 580 | decision-making processes. This assessment was conducted in Dosso | ||
581 | (Niger), the region most hit by flooding in the country, with the | 581 | (Niger), the region most hit by flooding in the country, with the | ||
582 | highest hydroclimatic risk in West Africa. The assessment | 582 | highest hydroclimatic risk in West Africa. The assessment | ||
583 | characterizes the climate, identifies hazards, and analyzes | 583 | characterizes the climate, identifies hazards, and analyzes | ||
584 | multihazard risk over the 2011\u20132017 period for each of the | 584 | multihazard risk over the 2011\u20132017 period for each of the | ||
585 | region\u2019s 43 municipalities. Hazards and risk level are compared | 585 | region\u2019s 43 municipalities. Hazards and risk level are compared | ||
586 | to the intervention areas and actions of 6 municipal development plans | 586 | to the intervention areas and actions of 6 municipal development plans | ||
587 | and 12 adaptation and resilience projects. Over the past seven years, | 587 | and 12 adaptation and resilience projects. Over the past seven years, | ||
588 | heavy precipitation and dry spells in the Dosso region have been more | 588 | heavy precipitation and dry spells in the Dosso region have been more | ||
589 | frequent than during the previous 30-year period. As many as 606 | 589 | frequent than during the previous 30-year period. As many as 606 | ||
590 | settlements have been repeatedly hit and 15 municipalities are | 590 | settlements have been repeatedly hit and 15 municipalities are | ||
591 | classified as being at elevated-to-severe multihazard risk. The | 591 | classified as being at elevated-to-severe multihazard risk. The | ||
592 | geographical distribution of the adaptation and resilience projects | 592 | geographical distribution of the adaptation and resilience projects | ||
593 | does not reflect the risk level. A third of the local development | 593 | does not reflect the risk level. A third of the local development | ||
594 | plans examined propose actions that are inconsistent with the main | 594 | plans examined propose actions that are inconsistent with the main | ||
595 | hydroclimatic threats.", | 595 | hydroclimatic threats.", | ||
596 | "format": "PDF", | 596 | "format": "PDF", | ||
597 | "hash": "", | 597 | "hash": "", | ||
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599 | "last_modified": null, | 599 | "last_modified": null, | ||
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601 | "mimetype": null, | 601 | "mimetype": null, | ||
602 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 602 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
603 | "name": " Multihazard Risk Assessment for Planning with | 603 | "name": " Multihazard Risk Assessment for Planning with | ||
604 | Climate in the Dosso Region, Niger.", | 604 | Climate in the Dosso Region, Niger.", | ||
605 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 605 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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609 | "state": "active", | 609 | "state": "active", | ||
610 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/67", | 610 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/67", | ||
611 | "url_type": null | 611 | "url_type": null | ||
612 | }, | 612 | }, | ||
613 | { | 613 | { | ||
614 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 614 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
615 | "cache_url": null, | 615 | "cache_url": null, | ||
616 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.604018", | 616 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.604018", | ||
617 | "datastore_active": false, | 617 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
618 | "description": "Tamagnone, P.; Massazza, G.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, | 618 | "description": "Tamagnone, P.; Massazza, G.; Pezzoli, A.; Rosso, | ||
619 | M.\r\nPublished in: Water 2019, 11, 156\r\nDate: August 8, | 619 | M.\r\nPublished in: Water 2019, 11, 156\r\nDate: August 8, | ||
620 | 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nInternational aid for climate change adaptation in | 620 | 2018\r\nAbstract\r\nInternational aid for climate change adaptation in | ||
621 | West Africa is increasing exponentially, but our understanding of | 621 | West Africa is increasing exponentially, but our understanding of | ||
622 | hydroclimatic risks is not keeping pace with that increase. The aim of | 622 | hydroclimatic risks is not keeping pace with that increase. The aim of | ||
623 | this article is to develop a multihazard risk assessment on a regional | 623 | this article is to develop a multihazard risk assessment on a regional | ||
624 | scale based on existing information that can be repeated over time and | 624 | scale based on existing information that can be repeated over time and | ||
625 | space and that will be useful during decision-making processes. This | 625 | space and that will be useful during decision-making processes. This | ||
626 | assessment was conducted in Dosso (Niger), the region most hit by | 626 | assessment was conducted in Dosso (Niger), the region most hit by | ||
627 | flooding in the country, with the highest hydroclimatic risk in West | 627 | flooding in the country, with the highest hydroclimatic risk in West | ||
628 | Africa. The assessment characterizes the climate, identifies hazards, | 628 | Africa. The assessment characterizes the climate, identifies hazards, | ||
629 | and analyzes multihazard risk over the 2011\u20132017 period for each | 629 | and analyzes multihazard risk over the 2011\u20132017 period for each | ||
630 | of the region\u2019s 43 municipalities. Hazards and risk level are | 630 | of the region\u2019s 43 municipalities. Hazards and risk level are | ||
631 | compared to the intervention areas and actions of 6 municipal | 631 | compared to the intervention areas and actions of 6 municipal | ||
632 | development plans and 12 adaptation and resilience projects. Over the | 632 | development plans and 12 adaptation and resilience projects. Over the | ||
633 | past seven years, heavy precipitation and dry spells in the Dosso | 633 | past seven years, heavy precipitation and dry spells in the Dosso | ||
634 | region have been more frequent than during the previous 30-year | 634 | region have been more frequent than during the previous 30-year | ||
635 | period. As many as 606 settlements have been repeatedly hit and 15 | 635 | period. As many as 606 settlements have been repeatedly hit and 15 | ||
636 | municipalities are classified as being at elevated-to-severe | 636 | municipalities are classified as being at elevated-to-severe | ||
637 | multihazard risk. The geographical distribution of the adaptation and | 637 | multihazard risk. The geographical distribution of the adaptation and | ||
638 | resilience projects does not reflect the risk level. A third of the | 638 | resilience projects does not reflect the risk level. A third of the | ||
639 | local development plans examined propose actions that are inconsistent | 639 | local development plans examined propose actions that are inconsistent | ||
640 | with the main hydroclimatic threats.", | 640 | with the main hydroclimatic threats.", | ||
641 | "format": "PDF", | 641 | "format": "PDF", | ||
642 | "hash": "", | 642 | "hash": "", | ||
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644 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.555814", | 644 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.555814", | ||
645 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.604018", | 645 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:34:23.604018", | ||
646 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 646 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
647 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 647 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
648 | "name": "Hydrology of the Sirba River - Updating and Analysis of | 648 | "name": "Hydrology of the Sirba River - Updating and Analysis of | ||
649 | Discharge Time Series", | 649 | Discharge Time Series", | ||
650 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 650 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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654 | "state": "active", | 654 | "state": "active", | ||
655 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/67", | 655 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/6/3/67", | ||
656 | "url_type": "" | 656 | "url_type": "" | ||
657 | }, | 657 | }, | ||
658 | { | 658 | { | ||
659 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 659 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
660 | "cache_url": null, | 660 | "cache_url": null, | ||
661 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:35:22.035394", | 661 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:35:22.035394", | ||
662 | "datastore_active": false, | 662 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
663 | "description": "Massazza, G.; Tamagnone, P.; Wilcox, C.; | 663 | "description": "Massazza, G.; Tamagnone, P.; Wilcox, C.; | ||
664 | Belcore, E.; Pezzoli, A.; Vischel, T.; Panthou, G.; Housseini Ibrahim, | 664 | Belcore, E.; Pezzoli, A.; Vischel, T.; Panthou, G.; Housseini Ibrahim, | ||
665 | M.; Tiepolo, M.; Tarchiani, V.; Rosso, M.\r\nPublished in: Water 2019, | 665 | M.; Tiepolo, M.; Tarchiani, V.; Rosso, M.\r\nPublished in: Water 2019, | ||
666 | 11, 1018\r\nDate: May 16, 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nIn Sahelian countries, a | 666 | 11, 1018\r\nDate: May 16, 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nIn Sahelian countries, a | ||
667 | vast number of people are still affected every year by flood despite | 667 | vast number of people are still affected every year by flood despite | ||
668 | the efforts to prevent or mitigate these catastrophic events. This | 668 | the efforts to prevent or mitigate these catastrophic events. This | ||
669 | phenomenon is exacerbated by the incessant population growth and the | 669 | phenomenon is exacerbated by the incessant population growth and the | ||
670 | increase of extreme natural events. Hence, the development of flood | 670 | increase of extreme natural events. Hence, the development of flood | ||
671 | management strategies such as flood hazard mapping and Early Warning | 671 | management strategies such as flood hazard mapping and Early Warning | ||
672 | Systems has become a crucial objective for the affected nations. This | 672 | Systems has become a crucial objective for the affected nations. This | ||
673 | study presents a comprehensive hazard assessment of the Nigerien reach | 673 | study presents a comprehensive hazard assessment of the Nigerien reach | ||
674 | of the Sirba River, the main tributary Middle Niger River. Hazard | 674 | of the Sirba River, the main tributary Middle Niger River. Hazard | ||
675 | thresholds were defined both on hydrological analysis and field | 675 | thresholds were defined both on hydrological analysis and field | ||
676 | effects, according to national guidelines. Non-stationary analyses | 676 | effects, according to national guidelines. Non-stationary analyses | ||
677 | were carried out to consider changes in the hydrological behaviour of | 677 | were carried out to consider changes in the hydrological behaviour of | ||
678 | the Sirba basin over time. Data from topographical land surveys and | 678 | the Sirba basin over time. Data from topographical land surveys and | ||
679 | discharge gauges collected during the 2018 dry and wet seasons were | 679 | discharge gauges collected during the 2018 dry and wet seasons were | ||
680 | used to implement the hydraulic numerical model of the analyzed reach. | 680 | used to implement the hydraulic numerical model of the analyzed reach. | ||
681 | The use of the proposed hydraulic model allowed the delineation of | 681 | The use of the proposed hydraulic model allowed the delineation of | ||
682 | flood hazard maps as well the calculation of the flood propagation | 682 | flood hazard maps as well the calculation of the flood propagation | ||
683 | time from the upstream hydrometric station and the validation of the | 683 | time from the upstream hydrometric station and the validation of the | ||
684 | rating curves of the two gauging sites. These significative outcomes | 684 | rating curves of the two gauging sites. These significative outcomes | ||
685 | will allow the implementation of the Early Warning System for the | 685 | will allow the implementation of the Early Warning System for the | ||
686 | river flood hazard and risk reduction plans preparation for each | 686 | river flood hazard and risk reduction plans preparation for each | ||
687 | settlement.", | 687 | settlement.", | ||
688 | "format": "PDF", | 688 | "format": "PDF", | ||
689 | "hash": "", | 689 | "hash": "", | ||
690 | "id": "adfebf0a-e528-4d87-ada1-d58d05960fa7", | 690 | "id": "adfebf0a-e528-4d87-ada1-d58d05960fa7", | ||
691 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:35:21.998131", | 691 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:35:21.998131", | ||
692 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:35:22.035394", | 692 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:35:22.035394", | ||
693 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 693 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
694 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 694 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
695 | "name": "Flood Hazard Scenarios of the Sirba River (Niger) - | 695 | "name": "Flood Hazard Scenarios of the Sirba River (Niger) - | ||
696 | Evaluation of the Hazard Thresholds and Flooding Areas.pdf", | 696 | Evaluation of the Hazard Thresholds and Flooding Areas.pdf", | ||
697 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 697 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
698 | "position": 12, | 698 | "position": 12, | ||
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700 | "size": 6293548, | 700 | "size": 6293548, | ||
701 | "state": "active", | 701 | "state": "active", | ||
702 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/5/1018", | 702 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/5/1018", | ||
703 | "url_type": "" | 703 | "url_type": "" | ||
704 | }, | 704 | }, | ||
705 | { | 705 | { | ||
706 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 706 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
707 | "cache_url": null, | 707 | "cache_url": null, | ||
708 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.426147", | 708 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.426147", | ||
709 | "datastore_active": false, | 709 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
710 | "description": "Elena Belcore; Marco Piras; Alessandro Pezzoli; | 710 | "description": "Elena Belcore; Marco Piras; Alessandro Pezzoli; | ||
711 | Giovanni Massazza; Maurizio Rosso\r\nPublished in: Int. Arch. | 711 | Giovanni Massazza; Maurizio Rosso\r\nPublished in: Int. Arch. | ||
712 | Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.\r\nDate: June 4, | 712 | Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.\r\nDate: June 4, | ||
713 | 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nThe technology of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) | 713 | 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nThe technology of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) | ||
714 | is rapidly improving and UAV-integrated sensors have kept up with it, | 714 | is rapidly improving and UAV-integrated sensors have kept up with it, | ||
715 | providing more efficient and effective solutions. One of the most | 715 | providing more efficient and effective solutions. One of the most | ||
716 | sought-after characteristics of on-board sensors is the low costing | 716 | sought-after characteristics of on-board sensors is the low costing | ||
717 | associated to good quality of the collected data. This paper proposes | 717 | associated to good quality of the collected data. This paper proposes | ||
718 | a very low-cost multiband sensor developed on a Raspberry device and | 718 | a very low-cost multiband sensor developed on a Raspberry device and | ||
719 | two Raspberry Pi 3 cameras that can be used in photogrammetry from | 719 | two Raspberry Pi 3 cameras that can be used in photogrammetry from | ||
720 | drone applications. The UAV-integrated radiometric sensor and its | 720 | drone applications. The UAV-integrated radiometric sensor and its | ||
721 | performance were tested in in two villages of South-west Niger for the | 721 | performance were tested in in two villages of South-west Niger for the | ||
722 | detection of temporary surface water bodies (or Ephemeral water | 722 | detection of temporary surface water bodies (or Ephemeral water | ||
723 | bodies): zones of seasonal stagnant water within villages threatening | 723 | bodies): zones of seasonal stagnant water within villages threatening | ||
724 | the viability and people\u2019s health. The Raspberry Pi 3 cameras | 724 | the viability and people\u2019s health. The Raspberry Pi 3 cameras | ||
725 | employed were a regular RGB Pi camera 2 (Red, Green, Blue) and a NoIR | 725 | employed were a regular RGB Pi camera 2 (Red, Green, Blue) and a NoIR | ||
726 | Pi 3 camera v2 (regular RGB without IR filter) with 8MPX resolution. | 726 | Pi 3 camera v2 (regular RGB without IR filter) with 8MPX resolution. | ||
727 | The cameras were geometrically calibrated and radiometrically tested | 727 | The cameras were geometrically calibrated and radiometrically tested | ||
728 | before the survey in the field. The results of the photogrammetry | 728 | before the survey in the field. The results of the photogrammetry | ||
729 | elaborations were 4 orthophotos (a RGB and NoIRGB orthophoto for each | 729 | elaborations were 4 orthophotos (a RGB and NoIRGB orthophoto for each | ||
730 | village). The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was calculated. | 730 | village). The Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) was calculated. | ||
731 | The index allowed the localization and the contouring of the temporary | 731 | The index allowed the localization and the contouring of the temporary | ||
732 | surface water bodies present in the villages. The data were checked | 732 | surface water bodies present in the villages. The data were checked | ||
733 | against the data collected with a Sony (ILCE-5100). Very high | 733 | against the data collected with a Sony (ILCE-5100). Very high | ||
734 | correspondence between the different data was detected. | 734 | correspondence between the different data was detected. | ||
735 | Raspberry-based sensors demonstrated to be a valid tool for the data | 735 | Raspberry-based sensors demonstrated to be a valid tool for the data | ||
736 | collection in critical areas.", | 736 | collection in critical areas.", | ||
737 | "format": "PDF", | 737 | "format": "PDF", | ||
738 | "hash": "", | 738 | "hash": "", | ||
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740 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.377739", | 740 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.377739", | ||
741 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.426147", | 741 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-16T11:36:09.426147", | ||
742 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 742 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
743 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 743 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
744 | "name": "Raspberry PI3 multispectral low-cost sensor for UAV | 744 | "name": "Raspberry PI3 multispectral low-cost sensor for UAV | ||
745 | based remote sensing. Case study in South-West Niger.pdf", | 745 | based remote sensing. Case study in South-West Niger.pdf", | ||
746 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 746 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
747 | "position": 13, | 747 | "position": 13, | ||
748 | "resource_type": null, | 748 | "resource_type": null, | ||
749 | "size": 1354961, | 749 | "size": 1354961, | ||
750 | "state": "active", | 750 | "state": "active", | ||
751 | "url": | 751 | "url": | ||
752 | arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W13/207/2019/", | 752 | arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W13/207/2019/", | ||
753 | "url_type": "" | 753 | "url_type": "" | ||
754 | }, | 754 | }, | ||
755 | { | 755 | { | ||
756 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 756 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
757 | "cache_url": null, | 757 | "cache_url": null, | ||
758 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:37:06.824494", | 758 | "created": "2020-07-16T11:37:06.824494", | ||
759 | "datastore_active": false, | 759 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
760 | "description": "Tiepolo, M.; Rosso, M.; Massazza, G.; Belcore, | 760 | "description": "Tiepolo, M.; Rosso, M.; Massazza, G.; Belcore, | ||
761 | E.; Issa, S.; Braccio, S.\r\nPublished in: Sustainability 2019, 11, | 761 | E.; Issa, S.; Braccio, S.\r\nPublished in: Sustainability 2019, 11, | ||
762 | 4003\r\nDate: July 24, 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nSouth of the Sahara, flood | 762 | 4003\r\nDate: July 24, 2019\r\nAbstract\r\nSouth of the Sahara, flood | ||
763 | vulnerability and risk assessments at local level rarely identify the | 763 | vulnerability and risk assessments at local level rarely identify the | ||
764 | exposed areas according to the probability of flooding or the actions | 764 | exposed areas according to the probability of flooding or the actions | ||
765 | in place, or localize the exposed items. They are, therefore, of | 765 | in place, or localize the exposed items. They are, therefore, of | ||
766 | little use for local development, risk prevention, and contingency | 766 | little use for local development, risk prevention, and contingency | ||
767 | planning. The aim of this article is to assess the flood risk, | 767 | planning. The aim of this article is to assess the flood risk, | ||
768 | providing useful information for local planning and an assessment | 768 | providing useful information for local planning and an assessment | ||
769 | methodology useful for other case studies. As a result, the first step | 769 | methodology useful for other case studies. As a result, the first step | ||
770 | involves identifying the information required by the local plans most | 770 | involves identifying the information required by the local plans most | ||
771 | used south of the Sahara. Four rural communities in Niger, frequently | 771 | used south of the Sahara. Four rural communities in Niger, frequently | ||
772 | flooded by the Sirba River, are then considered. The risk is the | 772 | flooded by the Sirba River, are then considered. The risk is the | ||
773 | product of the probability of a flood multiplied by the potential | 773 | product of the probability of a flood multiplied by the potential | ||
774 | damage. Local knowledge and knowledge derived from a hydraulic | 774 | damage. Local knowledge and knowledge derived from a hydraulic | ||
775 | numerical model, digital terrain model, very high resolution | 775 | numerical model, digital terrain model, very high resolution | ||
776 | multispectral orthoimages, and daily precipitation are used. The | 776 | multispectral orthoimages, and daily precipitation are used. The | ||
777 | assessment identifies the probability of fluvial and pluvial flooding, | 777 | assessment identifies the probability of fluvial and pluvial flooding, | ||
778 | the exposed areas, the position, quantity, type, replacement value of | 778 | the exposed areas, the position, quantity, type, replacement value of | ||
779 | exposed items, and the risk level according to three flooding | 779 | exposed items, and the risk level according to three flooding | ||
780 | scenarios. Fifteen actions are suggested to reduce the risk and to | 780 | scenarios. Fifteen actions are suggested to reduce the risk and to | ||
781 | turn adversity into opportunity.", | 781 | turn adversity into opportunity.", | ||
782 | "format": "PDF", | 782 | "format": "PDF", | ||
783 | "hash": "", | 783 | "hash": "", | ||
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785 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:37:06.774054", | 785 | "last_modified": "2020-07-16T11:37:06.774054", | ||
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788 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 788 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
789 | "name": "Flood Assessment for Risk-Informed Planning along the | 789 | "name": "Flood Assessment for Risk-Informed Planning along the | ||
790 | Sirba River, Niger.pdf", | 790 | Sirba River, Niger.pdf", | ||
791 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 791 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
792 | "position": 14, | 792 | "position": 14, | ||
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794 | "size": 5267294, | 794 | "size": 5267294, | ||
795 | "state": "active", | 795 | "state": "active", | ||
796 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/15/4003", | 796 | "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/15/4003", | ||
797 | "url_type": "" | 797 | "url_type": "" | ||
798 | }, | 798 | }, | ||
799 | { | 799 | { | ||
800 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 800 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
801 | "cache_url": null, | 801 | "cache_url": null, | ||
802 | "created": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.442309", | 802 | "created": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.442309", | ||
803 | "datastore_active": false, | 803 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
804 | "description": "Poster - L\u2019observatoire AMMA-CATCH. 12-14 | 804 | "description": "Poster - L\u2019observatoire AMMA-CATCH. 12-14 | ||
805 | Novembre 2018 \u2013 Niamey", | 805 | Novembre 2018 \u2013 Niamey", | ||
806 | "format": "PDF", | 806 | "format": "PDF", | ||
807 | "hash": "", | 807 | "hash": "", | ||
808 | "id": "c68bb4c5-20ec-4aeb-8b67-1cd9635ab060", | 808 | "id": "c68bb4c5-20ec-4aeb-8b67-1cd9635ab060", | ||
809 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.404389", | 809 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.404389", | ||
810 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.442309", | 810 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-17T15:45:38.442309", | ||
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812 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 812 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
813 | "name": "Floods and related Impacts in Niger in the last twenty | 813 | "name": "Floods and related Impacts in Niger in the last twenty | ||
814 | years (1998-2017) based of the ANADIA Niger Flood database.pdf", | 814 | years (1998-2017) based of the ANADIA Niger Flood database.pdf", | ||
815 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 815 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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818 | "size": 2266899, | 818 | "size": 2266899, | ||
819 | "state": "active", | 819 | "state": "active", | ||
820 | "url": | 820 | "url": | ||
821 | ger-in-the-last-twenty-years-1998-2017-based-of-the-anadia-niger.pdf", | 821 | ger-in-the-last-twenty-years-1998-2017-based-of-the-anadia-niger.pdf", | ||
822 | "url_type": "upload" | 822 | "url_type": "upload" | ||
823 | }, | 823 | }, | ||
824 | { | 824 | { | ||
825 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 825 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
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827 | "created": "2020-07-17T15:48:06.193365", | 827 | "created": "2020-07-17T15:48:06.193365", | ||
828 | "datastore_active": false, | 828 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
829 | "description": "Poster - L\u2019observatoire AMMA-CATCH. 12-14 | 829 | "description": "Poster - L\u2019observatoire AMMA-CATCH. 12-14 | ||
830 | Novembre 2018 \u2013 Niamey", | 830 | Novembre 2018 \u2013 Niamey", | ||
831 | "format": "PDF", | 831 | "format": "PDF", | ||
832 | "hash": "", | 832 | "hash": "", | ||
833 | "id": "14638732-c8be-4c66-a55a-124d5fafe988", | 833 | "id": "14638732-c8be-4c66-a55a-124d5fafe988", | ||
834 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T15:48:06.061952", | 834 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T15:48:06.061952", | ||
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836 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 836 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
837 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 837 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
838 | "name": "Ame\u0301liorations sur le syste\u0300me | 838 | "name": "Ame\u0301liorations sur le syste\u0300me | ||
839 | d\u2019observation du bassin de la Rivie\u0300re Sirba pour la gestion | 839 | d\u2019observation du bassin de la Rivie\u0300re Sirba pour la gestion | ||
840 | des risques naturels.pdf", | 840 | des risques naturels.pdf", | ||
841 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 841 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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845 | "state": "active", | 845 | "state": "active", | ||
846 | "url": | 846 | "url": | ||
847 | servation-du-bassin-de-la-riviere-sirba-pour-la-gestion-des-risq.pdf", | 847 | servation-du-bassin-de-la-riviere-sirba-pour-la-gestion-des-risq.pdf", | ||
848 | "url_type": "upload" | 848 | "url_type": "upload" | ||
849 | }, | 849 | }, | ||
850 | { | 850 | { | ||
851 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 851 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
852 | "cache_url": null, | 852 | "cache_url": null, | ||
853 | "created": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.723215", | 853 | "created": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.723215", | ||
854 | "datastore_active": false, | 854 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
855 | "description": "Poster - RDA\u2019s 14th Plenary - Helsinki, | 855 | "description": "Poster - RDA\u2019s 14th Plenary - Helsinki, | ||
856 | Finland 23-25 October 2019", | 856 | Finland 23-25 October 2019", | ||
857 | "format": "PDF", | 857 | "format": "PDF", | ||
858 | "hash": "", | 858 | "hash": "", | ||
859 | "id": "dfcd34fa-6862-4981-a0f3-3d1e38b100f4", | 859 | "id": "dfcd34fa-6862-4981-a0f3-3d1e38b100f4", | ||
860 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.683043", | 860 | "last_modified": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.683043", | ||
861 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.723215", | 861 | "metadata_modified": "2020-07-17T16:13:05.723215", | ||
862 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | 862 | "mimetype": "application/pdf", | ||
863 | "mimetype_inner": null, | 863 | "mimetype_inner": null, | ||
864 | "name": "Sharing data and information on local flooding risk in | 864 | "name": "Sharing data and information on local flooding risk in | ||
865 | Niger ", | 865 | Niger ", | ||
866 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | 866 | "package_id": "c5af00bc-9e72-42f2-bd13-5f0296fbc05a", | ||
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870 | "state": "active", | 870 | "state": "active", | ||
871 | "url": | 871 | "url": | ||
872 | a-6862-4981-a0f3-3d1e38b100f4/download/poster_slapis_rda2019_def.pdf", | 872 | a-6862-4981-a0f3-3d1e38b100f4/download/poster_slapis_rda2019_def.pdf", | ||
873 | "url_type": "upload" | 873 | "url_type": "upload" | ||
874 | }, | 874 | }, | ||
875 | { | 875 | { | ||
876 | "cache_last_updated": null, | 876 | "cache_last_updated": null, | ||
877 | "cache_url": null, | 877 | "cache_url": null, | ||
878 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:12:03.871758", | 878 | "created": "2022-05-06T10:12:03.871758", | ||
879 | "datastore_active": false, | 879 | "datastore_active": false, | ||
880 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Sarah Braccio, Edoardo | 880 | "description": "Maurizio Tiepolo, Sarah Braccio, Edoardo | ||
881 | Fiorillo, Andrea Galligari, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Giovanni Massazza, | 881 | Fiorillo, Andrea Galligari, Gaptia Lawan Katiellou, Giovanni Massazza, | ||
882 | Adamou Aissatou Sitta, Aliou Moumouni Tankari, Vieri Tarchiani | 882 | Adamou Aissatou Sitta, Aliou Moumouni Tankari, Vieri Tarchiani | ||
883 | \r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nIn tropical regions, heavy precipitations may | 883 | \r\n\r\nAbstract\r\n\r\nIn tropical regions, heavy precipitations may | ||
884 | lead to catastrophic flooding due to the degradation of catchments and | 884 | lead to catastrophic flooding due to the degradation of catchments and | ||
885 | the expansion of settlements in flood prone zones. In the current | 885 | the expansion of settlements in flood prone zones. In the current | ||
886 | situation, where information on rainfall and exposed assets is either | 886 | situation, where information on rainfall and exposed assets is either | ||
887 | scant, or requires significant time to be collected, pluvial flood | 887 | scant, or requires significant time to be collected, pluvial flood | ||
888 | risk assessments are conducted using participatory tools, without any | 888 | risk assessments are conducted using participatory tools, without any | ||
889 | scientific support. Another option is to use satellite precipitation | 889 | scientific support. Another option is to use satellite precipitation | ||
890 | products, digital terrain models and satellite images at high to | 890 | products, digital terrain models and satellite images at high to | ||
n | 891 | moderate-resolution.\r\n\r\nHowever, these datasets do not reach the | n | 891 | moderate-resolution.\r\nHowever, these datasets do not reach the |
892 | required accuracy at the local scale. Consequently, the potential | 892 | required accuracy at the local scale. Consequently, the potential | ||
893 | damages and the evaluation component of risk assessment are often | 893 | damages and the evaluation component of risk assessment are often | ||
894 | missing. Risk evaluation is pivotal for informed decision-making, with | 894 | missing. Risk evaluation is pivotal for informed decision-making, with | ||
895 | regards to the choice of treating or accepting the risk, implementing | 895 | regards to the choice of treating or accepting the risk, implementing | ||
896 | more effective measures, and for determining the safest areas for | 896 | more effective measures, and for determining the safest areas for | ||
897 | development. We proposed an improved method for assessing the risk of | 897 | development. We proposed an improved method for assessing the risk of | ||
898 | pluvial floods, which merges local and scientific knowledge and is | 898 | pluvial floods, which merges local and scientific knowledge and is | ||
899 | consistent with the ISO 31010 standard. The method was successfully | 899 | consistent with the ISO 31010 standard. The method was successfully | ||
900 | applied in five rural settlements in Niger and can be replicated in | 900 | applied in five rural settlements in Niger and can be replicated in | ||
901 | areas where information is scarce.", | 901 | areas where information is scarce.", | ||
902 | "format": "PDF", | 902 | "format": "PDF", | ||
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t | 906 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:12:03.855025", | t | 906 | "metadata_modified": "2022-05-06T10:12:52.146034", |
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909 | "name": "Method for pluvial flood risk assessment in rural | 909 | "name": "Method for pluvial flood risk assessment in rural | ||
910 | settlements characterised by scant information availability", | 910 | settlements characterised by scant information availability", | ||
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